1. General information
- Geographic location:
The North Central region consists of six provinces: Thanh Hóa, Nghệ An, Hà
Tĩnh, Quảng Bình, Quảng Trị, Thừa Thiên–Huế. It is characterized by transition
between northern economic regions and southern economic ones. The western side
is the Truong Son flank , sharing Laos border (1.294 km long) with Quan Hoa, Lang
Chanh (Thanh Hoa), Ky Son (Nghe An) and Huong Son (Ha Tinh) border gates. This
position creates conditions of economy exchange with Laos and other Southeast
Asian countries on the continent; it faces the East Sea with coastal road 700
km long that can form the seaports. The narrowest sized area is Quang Binh
province (50km), which is located on the trans-Vietnam traffic axis,
facilitates economic exchanges with the northern and southern provinces. The
whole region has 41,686.2 km2, accounting for 12.6% area of the country.
- Area: 51,524.6 km2.
- Topography: It is extremely
diverse with many deep plash, estuaries and lagoons, including midland,
mountainous and islands running along the territory. The territory is narrow,
divided by rivers and mountain ranges, such as Hoang Mai (Nghe An), Hong Linh
(Ha Tinh), Ma river (Thanh Hoa), Ca river (Nghe An), Nhat Le river (Quang Binh)
... The topography consists of sand dunes, coastal sand strips, followed by
small narrow strips and midlands. In general, the North Central region is
complicated, most of the territory is mountains, hills, facing the sea,
sloping, swift water.
2. The advantages of the region
- Traffic strength:
The North Central economic region is located on the north-south transportation
axis both railways and roads. There are many East-West motorways (Highway
7,8,9,29) link Laos with the East Sea. There is an airport system (Vinh, Dong
Hoi, Phu Bai), ports (Nghi Son, Cua Lo, Cua Hoi, Cua Gianh, Nhat Le, Cua Viet,
Thuan An) , creating conditions of economic exchanges between provinces,
regions and the world, especially Laos, Northeast Thailand, Myanmar.
- Mineral resources:
The North Central is rich in mineral resources, about 60% of iron ore, 80% of
tin, 100% of Cronit, 40% of limestone in the country. There are some valuable
mines such as Thach Khe iron mine (Ha Tinh), Co Dinh mines (Thanh Hoa), Quy Hop
tin mine (Nghe An). Based on the reserve, the top is stone (billions of tons of
limestone and granite), half a billion tons of iron, then tin, kaolin ... gas
oil is very promising. This is valuable resources for metallurgical mining and
construction materials, bring the North Central to a prominent position in the
industry.
- Strengths in
forestry: The forestry sector in the North Central region manages 3436.86
thousand hectares, 1633.0 thousand hectares of forest land, 134737 million m3
of timber reserve, 1466.49 million of bamboo, standing behind the Central
Highlands in terms of forest resources. This is the strength of business
development forest.
- Economic strength of
sea: The North Central Coast has about 670 km of coastline, 23 estuaries, many
beautiful beaches, lagoons and vast continental shelves which are favorable for
tourist and general economic development (about 620,000 tons of fish stocks,
2750 tons of shrimp, 5000 tons of squid ...).
- Highlights of
tourism: The North Central is home to many beautiful beaches such as Sam Son,
Cua Lo, Thien Cam, Nhat Le, Cua Tung, Thuan An, Lang Co .... Many national
parks such as Ben En, Pu Mat, Vu Quang, Phong Nha - Ke Bang, Bach Ma; Many
beautiful natural landscapes such as streams, mountains, forests, sea, lakes,
lagoons. With a long history of building and preserving, many historic,
cultural and architectural relics have been found (144/1221 classified sites).
There are also many traditional festivals with cultural healthy characteristics;
All create favorable conditions for tourism development.
3. Formation of agro-forestry-fishery structure
a) Exploiting strengths in forestry:
- The forest area is
2.46 million ha (20% of the country). Forest cover is 47.8%, just behind the Central
Highlands. Rich forest area is bordered by Viet-Laos, most in Nghe An, Quang
Binh and Thanh Hoa.
- Forests have many
kinds of precious wood , many forest products, valuable animals have high economic
value (elephant, gaur ...).
To develop the timber
exploitation and forest product processing industry.
Forest protection and
development helps to preserve the living environment and rare genetic
resources, regulate water resources, limit the impact of sudden floods.
b) Together exploitation in the agricultural advantages of midland, delta and coastal areas:
-The mountain front
has many pastures to grow cattle.
-North Central coast
has also established some areas specializing in perennial industrial crops:
coffee, tea in West Nghe An, Quang Tri, rubber in Quang Binh, Quang Tri, ...
-The Thanh-Nghe-Tinh
Delta is relatively large, the rest is narrow. Most of the sandy land is
favorable for annual industrial crops (peanuts, sugarcane, tobacco ...), but
not very convenient to grow rice.
c) Boosting the development of fisheries:
- Each province has
its own sea, so it is possible to develop fishery industry. The aquaculture of
brackish water and salt water has developed quite strongly.
4. Formation of industrial structure and development of transport infrastructure
a / To develop key industries and specialized industrial centers:
- It is an area with
many raw materials for industrial development: minerals, agricultural -
forestry - fishery raw materials and abundant labor resources.
- In the region, a
number of key industries have been formed such as Bim Son Cement Plant, Nghi
Son Cement Plant, Hoang Mai Cement Plant, Nghe An Cement Plant. Ha Tinh
Combined Steel Plant.
- Industrial centers
are mainly located in the coastal zone, including Thanh Hoa-Bim Son, Vinh, Hue
with different specialized products.
b) Infrastructure construction, first of all, transportation
- Building
infrastructure is important in the socio-economic development of the region
- East-West transport
corridor has also been established, a number of border gates opened such as Lao
Bao, promoting trade with neighboring countries.
- Road crossing
through Hai Van, Hoanh Son contributes to increasing North-South transportation.
- The airport system,
seaport is under construction and modernized to ensure domestic and
international traffic: Phu Bai International Airport (Hue), Vinh ... &
international ports: Nghi Son, Vung Ang, Chan May ...
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